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The interest in what were known at first as Friedel-Crafts polymerisations started in the 1930s and grew rapidly from the 1940s under the influence of the US Synthetic Rubber Programme and from the 1950s as a result of the Ziegler-Natta and related polymer developments. From 1944 Professor Plesch has spent most of his academic life, studying the nature of what were later called cationic and, more recently still, cationoid polymerisations. The change of generic title reflects the growing insight into these reactions, much of which is due to Professor Plesch and his research group. Because of hi

Addition polymerization. --- Anionic polymerization --- Cationic polymerization --- Chain addition polymerization --- Chain-growth polymerization --- Free-radical polymerization --- Ionic polymerization --- Polymerization

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This is an overview of particulate filler production and use. Fillers are used in polymers for a variety of reasons: cost reduction, improved processing, density control, optical effects, thermal conductivity, control of thermal expansion, electrical properties, magnetic properties, flame retardancy and improved mechanical properties, such as hardness and tear resistance. For example, in cable applications, fillers such as metakaolinite are used to provide better electrical stability while others, such as alumina trihydrate, are used as fire retardants. Each filler type has different propertie

Polymers. --- Fillers (Materials) --- Carbon-black. --- Acetylene black --- Filler materials --- Fillers (in paper, paint, etc.) --- Materials --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules

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Polymers have become increasingly important as engineering materials in the past decade and applications in the construction industry are expanding. In Europe, around 20% of plastic consumption is in this industry, i.e., around 5 million tonnes per year. This review outlines the nature, culture and trends in the building and construction industry. Materials used in construction applications must possess critical properties, depending on the exact use. In general the important property requirements are mechanical, weathering, permeability, flammability and thermal conductivity properties. The e

Plastics in building. --- Construction equipment. --- Polymers. --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Builders' plant --- Building equipment --- Building machinery --- Construction industry --- Construction machinery --- Building --- Machinery --- Plastic building materials --- Building materials --- Plastics --- Building plastics industry --- Equipment and supplies